Modifying the Experiential Learning Model to Improve Pedagogical Competence in Teacher Candidates
Keywords:
Experiential Learning, Pedagogical competence, Pre-service teachers, Learning model
Abstract
This study presents a modified Experiential Learning (EL) model designed to improve the pedagogical competence of pre-service teachers. Building on Kolb’s framework, the revised model integrates structured learning objectives, reflective problem-solving strategies, and abstraction ontology to enhance metacognitive, creative, and metaliteracy skills. The model emphasizes authentic classroom engagement through active experimentation and guided reflection. Developed through a systematic literature review, it offers a structured and adaptable approach for teacher education programs. While the model demonstrates theoretical potential, further empirical testing is needed to validate its effectiveness in real-world settings. This innovation contributes to the development of experiential learning frameworks that align with contemporary educational demands.
References
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Avdiu, E., & Holzinger, A. (2022). Modeling of Innovative Teaching in an Austrian Primary School. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 12(2), 191–198. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2022-0044
Ayob, A., Hussain, A., Mustaf, M. M., & Shazi Shaarani, M. F. A. (2011). Nurturing creativity and innovative thinking through experiential learning. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 18, 247–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.05.035
Barnard, M., Whitt, E., & McDonald, S. (2021). Learning objectives and their effects on learning and assessment preparation: insights from an undergraduate psychology course. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 46(5), 673–684. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2020.1822281
Beard, C. (2022). Experiential Learning Design : Theoretical Foundations and Effective Principles. Experiential Learning Design. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003030867
Beard, C., & Wilson, P. (2006). Experiential Learning : a best practice handbook for educators and trainers. In The Praeger Handbook of Education and Psychology, Volumes 1-4 (Vols. 1–4).
Boggu, A. T., & Sundarsingh, J. (2019). An experiential learning approach to fostering learner autonomy among omani students. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 10(1), 204–214. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1001.23
Boncu, A. (2016). DaVinci program: Enhancing children’s creativity through experiential learning activities. Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues, 6(1), 01–09. https://doi.org/10.18844/gjpr.v6i1.371
Boote, D. N., & Beile, P. (2005). Scholars Before Researchers: On the Centrality of the Dissertation Literature Review in Research Preparation. Educational Researcher, 34(6), 3–15. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X034006003
Butler, M. G., Church, K. S., & Spencer, A. W. (2019). Do, reflect, think, apply: Experiential education in accounting. Journal of Accounting Education, 48, 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccedu.2019.05.001
Dessie, E., Gebeyehu, D., & Eshetu, F. (2023). Enhancing critical thinking, metacognition, and conceptual understanding in introductory physics: The impact of direct and experiential instructional models. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 19(7). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/13273
Egan, J. D., Tolman, S., McBrayer, J. S., & Ballesteros, E. (2023). Reconceptualizing Kolb ’ s Learning Cycle as Episodic & Lifelong. Experiential Learning & Teaching in Higher Education (ELTHE), 6(1).
Galvan, M., & Pyrczak, F. (2024). Writing empirical research reports : a basic guide for students of the social and behavioral sciences. Routledge. https://www.routledge.com/Writing-Empirical-Research-Reports-A-Basic-Guide-for-Students-of-the-Social-and-Behavioral-Sciences/Galvan-Pyrczak/p/book/9781032136806
Gotlieb, R. J. M., Yang, X., & Immordino-yang, M. H. (2024). Concrete and Abstract Dimensions of Diverse Adolescents ’ Associations With Broader Functioning. https://doi.org/10.1177/07435584221091498
Habib, M. K., Nagata, F., & Watanabe, K. (2021). Mechatronics: Experiential learning and the stimulation of thinking skills. Education Sciences, 11(2), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11020046
Hassane Kemouss, Omar Abdennour, Mohamed Erradi, & Mohamed Khaldi. (2023). Towards the process of designing an architecture of e-learning activities according to the kolb cycle. Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances, 17(2), 053–062. https://doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2023.17.2.0220
Joyce, B., Weil, M., & Calhoun, E. (2015). Models of Teaching (Pearson Education (ed.)).
Kivunja, C. (2014). Do You Want Your Students to Be Job-Ready with 21st Century Skills? Change Pedagogies: A Pedagogical Paradigm Shift from Vygotskyian Social Constructivism to Critical Thinking, Problem Solving and Siemens’ Digital Connectivism. International Journal of Higher Education, 3(3), 81–91. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v3n3p81
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as The Source of Learning and Development. In Prentice Hall, Inc. (Issue 1984). Pearson Education, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7506-7223-8.50017-4
Kolb, D. A. (2015a). Experiential learning : experience as the source of learning and development. In Experiential learning : experience as the source of learning and development Secound Edition. Pearson Education.
Kolb, D. A. (2015b). Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. Pearson Education, Inc. https://www.pearson.com/en-us/subject-catalog/p/experiential-learning-experience-as-the-source-of-learning-and-development/P200000000384/9780133892505
Larson, R. W., Lampkins-Uthando, S., & Armstrong, J. (2014). Adolescents’ Development of New Skills for Prospective Cognition: Learning to Anticipate, Plan, and Think Strategically. Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 13(2), 232–244. https://doi.org/10.1891/1945-8959.13.2.232
Matsuo, M., & Nagata, M. (2020). A revised model of experiential learning with a debriefing checklist. International Journal of Training and Development, 24(2), 144–153. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijtd.12177
Medina, M. S., Castleberry, A. N., & Persky, A. M. (2017). Strategies for Improving Learner Metacognition in Health Professional Education. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 81(4), 78. https://doi.org/10.5688/AJPE81478
Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2016). Qualitative Research A Guide to Design and Implementation (4th ed.) (C. J. B.-R.-S. R. P. San Francisco (ed.)). https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=2631333
Miller, R. J., & Maellaro, R. (2016). Getting to the Root of the Problem in Experiential Learning: Using Problem Solving and Collective Reflection to Improve Learning Outcomes. Journal of Management Education, 40(2), 170–193. https://doi.org/10.1177/1052562915623822
Mitchell, K. M. W., & Manzo, W. R. (2018). The Purpose and Perception of Learning Objectives. Journal of Political Science Education, 14(4), 456–472. https://doi.org/10.1080/15512169.2018.1433542
Moon, J. A. (2013). A handbook of reflective and experiential learning: Theory and practice. In A Handbook of Reflective and Experiential Learning: Theory and Practice. Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203416150
Morris, T. H. (2020). Experiential learning–a systematic review and revision of Kolb’s model. Interactive Learning Environments, 28(8), 1064–1077. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1570279
Orr, R. B., Csikari, M. M., Freeman, S., & Rodriguez, M. C. (2022). Writing and Using Learning Objectives. CBE Life Sciences Education, 21(3). https://doi.org/10.1187/CBE.22-04-0073/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/CBE-21-FE3-G004.JPEG
Reed, D. K. (2012). Clearly Communicating the Learning Objective Matters!: Clearly Communicating Lesson Objectives Supports Student Learning and Positive Behavior. Middle School Journal, 43(5), 16–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/00940771.2012.11461825/ASSET//CMS/ASSET/CBABEB8D-5834-4AE0-A0ED-9F2CA423F2AF/00940771.2012.11461825.FP.PNG
Sewagegn, A. A. (2020). Learning Objective and Assessment Linkage: Its Contribution to Meaningful Student Learning. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(11), 5044–5052. https://doi.org/10.13189/UJER.2020.081104
Tanaka, K., Dam, H. C., Kobayashi, S., Hashimoto, T., & Ikeda, M. (2016). Learning How to Learn through Experiential Learning Promoting Metacognitive Skills to Improve Knowledge Co-creation Ability. Procedia Computer Science, 99, 146–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROCS.2016.09.107
Wilson, C. (2011). Curriculum for Teachers Curriculum for Teachers. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Yardley, S., Teunissen, P. W., & Dornan, T. (2012). Experiential learning: Transforming theory into practice. Medical Teacher, 34(2), 161–164. https://doi.org/10.3109/0142159X.2012.643264
Avdiu, E., & Holzinger, A. (2022). Modeling of Innovative Teaching in an Austrian Primary School. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 12(2), 191–198. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2022-0044
Ayob, A., Hussain, A., Mustaf, M. M., & Shazi Shaarani, M. F. A. (2011). Nurturing creativity and innovative thinking through experiential learning. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 18, 247–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.05.035
Barnard, M., Whitt, E., & McDonald, S. (2021). Learning objectives and their effects on learning and assessment preparation: insights from an undergraduate psychology course. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 46(5), 673–684. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2020.1822281
Beard, C. (2022). Experiential Learning Design : Theoretical Foundations and Effective Principles. Experiential Learning Design. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003030867
Beard, C., & Wilson, P. (2006). Experiential Learning : a best practice handbook for educators and trainers. In The Praeger Handbook of Education and Psychology, Volumes 1-4 (Vols. 1–4).
Boggu, A. T., & Sundarsingh, J. (2019). An experiential learning approach to fostering learner autonomy among omani students. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 10(1), 204–214. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1001.23
Boncu, A. (2016). DaVinci program: Enhancing children’s creativity through experiential learning activities. Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues, 6(1), 01–09. https://doi.org/10.18844/gjpr.v6i1.371
Boote, D. N., & Beile, P. (2005). Scholars Before Researchers: On the Centrality of the Dissertation Literature Review in Research Preparation. Educational Researcher, 34(6), 3–15. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X034006003
Butler, M. G., Church, K. S., & Spencer, A. W. (2019). Do, reflect, think, apply: Experiential education in accounting. Journal of Accounting Education, 48, 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccedu.2019.05.001
Dessie, E., Gebeyehu, D., & Eshetu, F. (2023). Enhancing critical thinking, metacognition, and conceptual understanding in introductory physics: The impact of direct and experiential instructional models. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 19(7). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/13273
Egan, J. D., Tolman, S., McBrayer, J. S., & Ballesteros, E. (2023). Reconceptualizing Kolb ’ s Learning Cycle as Episodic & Lifelong. Experiential Learning & Teaching in Higher Education (ELTHE), 6(1).
Galvan, M., & Pyrczak, F. (2024). Writing empirical research reports : a basic guide for students of the social and behavioral sciences. Routledge. https://www.routledge.com/Writing-Empirical-Research-Reports-A-Basic-Guide-for-Students-of-the-Social-and-Behavioral-Sciences/Galvan-Pyrczak/p/book/9781032136806
Gotlieb, R. J. M., Yang, X., & Immordino-yang, M. H. (2024). Concrete and Abstract Dimensions of Diverse Adolescents ’ Associations With Broader Functioning. https://doi.org/10.1177/07435584221091498
Habib, M. K., Nagata, F., & Watanabe, K. (2021). Mechatronics: Experiential learning and the stimulation of thinking skills. Education Sciences, 11(2), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11020046
Hassane Kemouss, Omar Abdennour, Mohamed Erradi, & Mohamed Khaldi. (2023). Towards the process of designing an architecture of e-learning activities according to the kolb cycle. Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances, 17(2), 053–062. https://doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2023.17.2.0220
Joyce, B., Weil, M., & Calhoun, E. (2015). Models of Teaching (Pearson Education (ed.)).
Kivunja, C. (2014). Do You Want Your Students to Be Job-Ready with 21st Century Skills? Change Pedagogies: A Pedagogical Paradigm Shift from Vygotskyian Social Constructivism to Critical Thinking, Problem Solving and Siemens’ Digital Connectivism. International Journal of Higher Education, 3(3), 81–91. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v3n3p81
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as The Source of Learning and Development. In Prentice Hall, Inc. (Issue 1984). Pearson Education, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7506-7223-8.50017-4
Kolb, D. A. (2015a). Experiential learning : experience as the source of learning and development. In Experiential learning : experience as the source of learning and development Secound Edition. Pearson Education.
Kolb, D. A. (2015b). Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. Pearson Education, Inc. https://www.pearson.com/en-us/subject-catalog/p/experiential-learning-experience-as-the-source-of-learning-and-development/P200000000384/9780133892505
Larson, R. W., Lampkins-Uthando, S., & Armstrong, J. (2014). Adolescents’ Development of New Skills for Prospective Cognition: Learning to Anticipate, Plan, and Think Strategically. Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 13(2), 232–244. https://doi.org/10.1891/1945-8959.13.2.232
Matsuo, M., & Nagata, M. (2020). A revised model of experiential learning with a debriefing checklist. International Journal of Training and Development, 24(2), 144–153. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijtd.12177
Medina, M. S., Castleberry, A. N., & Persky, A. M. (2017). Strategies for Improving Learner Metacognition in Health Professional Education. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 81(4), 78. https://doi.org/10.5688/AJPE81478
Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2016). Qualitative Research A Guide to Design and Implementation (4th ed.) (C. J. B.-R.-S. R. P. San Francisco (ed.)). https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=2631333
Miller, R. J., & Maellaro, R. (2016). Getting to the Root of the Problem in Experiential Learning: Using Problem Solving and Collective Reflection to Improve Learning Outcomes. Journal of Management Education, 40(2), 170–193. https://doi.org/10.1177/1052562915623822
Mitchell, K. M. W., & Manzo, W. R. (2018). The Purpose and Perception of Learning Objectives. Journal of Political Science Education, 14(4), 456–472. https://doi.org/10.1080/15512169.2018.1433542
Moon, J. A. (2013). A handbook of reflective and experiential learning: Theory and practice. In A Handbook of Reflective and Experiential Learning: Theory and Practice. Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203416150
Morris, T. H. (2020). Experiential learning–a systematic review and revision of Kolb’s model. Interactive Learning Environments, 28(8), 1064–1077. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1570279
Orr, R. B., Csikari, M. M., Freeman, S., & Rodriguez, M. C. (2022). Writing and Using Learning Objectives. CBE Life Sciences Education, 21(3). https://doi.org/10.1187/CBE.22-04-0073/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/CBE-21-FE3-G004.JPEG
Reed, D. K. (2012). Clearly Communicating the Learning Objective Matters!: Clearly Communicating Lesson Objectives Supports Student Learning and Positive Behavior. Middle School Journal, 43(5), 16–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/00940771.2012.11461825/ASSET//CMS/ASSET/CBABEB8D-5834-4AE0-A0ED-9F2CA423F2AF/00940771.2012.11461825.FP.PNG
Sewagegn, A. A. (2020). Learning Objective and Assessment Linkage: Its Contribution to Meaningful Student Learning. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(11), 5044–5052. https://doi.org/10.13189/UJER.2020.081104
Tanaka, K., Dam, H. C., Kobayashi, S., Hashimoto, T., & Ikeda, M. (2016). Learning How to Learn through Experiential Learning Promoting Metacognitive Skills to Improve Knowledge Co-creation Ability. Procedia Computer Science, 99, 146–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROCS.2016.09.107
Wilson, C. (2011). Curriculum for Teachers Curriculum for Teachers. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Yardley, S., Teunissen, P. W., & Dornan, T. (2012). Experiential learning: Transforming theory into practice. Medical Teacher, 34(2), 161–164. https://doi.org/10.3109/0142159X.2012.643264
Published
2025-12-01
How to Cite
Setiono, P., Setyosari, P., Praherdhiono, H., Harsiati, T., & Amaliyah, Y. (2025). Modifying the Experiential Learning Model to Improve Pedagogical Competence in Teacher Candidates. Pedagogi: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 25(2), 296-304. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24036/pedagogi.v25i2.2528
Section
Articles
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